Cancer and its treatment can impact many parts of a person’s life—including fertility. If you or someone you love is facing cancer, understanding how treatment may affect sperm health, fertility, and emotional well-being is important when planning for the future. Fertility concerns can bring up complex feelings—like fear, grief, or uncertainty—which are completely understandable. Support is available.

Cancer itself, or the treatment used to manage it, can sometimes interfere with sperm production or damage reproductive organs. Treatments like: 

• Chemotherapy (especially alkylating agents or platinum-based drugs) 

• Radiation therapy near the testicles or brain 

• Surgery involving the testicles, prostate, or nerves that control ejaculation 

 …can reduce sperm count or lead to infertility—either temporarily or permanently. Sperm cells divide quickly, just like cancer cells, making them especially vulnerable to treatment.

Not always—but it can be hard to predict. Some men recover sperm production after treatment, while others may not. It depends on:  

• The type and intensity of treatment 

• Fertility levels before cancer 

• Whether sperm-producing cells remain after treatment 

Sometimes, recovery takes several years—if it happens at all. Regardless of the outcome, navigating fertility uncertainty can take an emotional toll. It's okay to feel overwhelmed or conflicted—especially if your identity, future goals, or relationships are being impacted. Talking with an Iris licensed oncology-specialized therapist can help you process your feelings and explore next steps with more clarity and support.

Yes. Cancer treatments can damage the DNA inside the sperm. The body can often repair this damage, but it takes time to repair it.

Your Iris Care Team can help you understand sexual health and fertility changes before, during, and after treatment.